


£11 







—Bra 






• "^ 4* 



4^ : <&t*< 






^ ~mnf 

<=m«//^ ,.Tk1b _. 

<@Jly^Lt izJfo 

UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 



% 



<rf*Jf&, 



\ 



i* 



i 



7 






**. 



/ 



PHRENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS 



CHARACTER 



By 



Given 



NOTICE. 

It is recommended to use in the annexed 
table the numerals, from one to eight, com- 
mencing in the column headed Very Small. 
It will then exhibit the relative developements 
of the organs in the head of the individual 
examined. 



IV 



Domestic Propensities 

Amativeness, 

Philoprogenitiveness, 

Adhesiveness, 

Inhabitiveness, 

Concentrativeness, 

Selfish Propensities. 
Combativeness, 
Destructiveness, 
Secretiveness, 
Alimentiveness, 
Acquisitiveness, 

Selfish Sentiments. 
Firmness, 
Self-esteem, 
Love of Approbation, 
Cautiousness, 



3 



3 



3 



Moral Sentiments. 
Conscientiousness, 
Veneration, 
Benevolence, 
Hope, 
Marvellousness, 

Intellectual Sentiments. 

Identity, 

Constructiveness, 

Imitation, 

Mirthfulness, 

Perceptive Faculties. 
Individuality, 
Form, 
Size, 
Weight, 
Colour, 
Order, 

J* 



B 



B 

p 



i 

p 



VI 







h3 

CD 

a. 

o 
3 

B 

P 

3 


< 

1 


p 

CD 


3 


o 

Q. 
CD 
■■» 
P 
CD 


S3 
p 

£r 

CD 

i73 
3 

SL 


3 
EL 


CD 

GQ 
3 


Calculation, 


















Locality, 


















Eventuality, 


















Time, 


















Tune, 


















Language, 


















Reflective Faculties. 


















Causality, 


















Comparison, 


















Temperaments. 


















Lymphatic, 


















Sanguine, 


















Bilious. 


















Nervous, 

















PRACTICAL 



PHRENOLOGY 



SIMPLIFIED, 



BY 



THEODORE POSTER. 




PHILADELPHIA: 
ORRIN ROGERS, 67 SOUTH SECOND STREET. 

1838. 



BFS70 



Entered according to Act of Congress, A. D. 1838, by 
Theodore Foster, in the Clerk's Office of the District 
Court for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 



DORSEY. PRINTER, 
LIBRARY STREET. 



CONTENTS. 



Domestic Propensities, 

Amativeness, 

Philoprogenitiveness, 

Adhesiveness, 

Inhabitiveness, 

C oncentrativeness, 

Selfish Propensities, 

Combativeness, 

Destructiveness, 

Secretiveness, 

Acquisitiveness, 

Alimentiveness, . 

Selfish Sentiments, 
Firmness, 
Self-esteem, . 
Love of Approbation, 
Cautiousness, 

Moral Sentiments, 

C onscientiousnes s, 

Veneration, 

Benevolence, 

Hope, 

Marvellousness, 



1 

ib. 
5 
8 

11 

13 

16 

ft. 

19 

22 
26 
30 

34 
ib. 
37 
43 
46 

49 
ib. 
53 
56 
59 
62 



CONTENTS. 



Intellectual Sentiments, 

Ideality, 

C onstructiveness, 

Imitation, 

Mirthfulness, 

Observing Faculties, 

Individuality, 

Form, 

Size, 

Weight, 

Colour, . 

Order, 

Calculation, 

Locality, 

E ventuality, 

Time, 

Tune, 

Language, 

Reflective Faculties, 

Causality, 

Comparison, 

Temperaments, 



65 

ib. 
68 
69 

72 

75 
ib. 

78 
80 
81 
83 
85 
87 
90 
92 
95 
96 
98 

101 

ib. 
103 

107 



PREFACE. 



The present volume is designed to exhibit 
the subject of Practical Phrenology in as clear 
and as perspicuous a light as its nature will 
admit. To this purpose the author has aimed 
to divest it of all extraneous matter, and at 
the same time to avoid all unnecessary con- 
ciseness. The learner will here find a com- 
prehensive view of the functions of each 
organ, with their different effects on the cha- 
racter when in various stages of developement, 
and also when compounded with each other. 

The author presents few claims to origin- 
ality. In a few instances he has even adopted 
the language of others where it presented 
itself in a felicitous manner — his aim being 
to make a good book rather than to add to his 
own reputation. 



Xll PREFACE. 

It is but proper here to state that the work 
has passed through the press without the 
benefit of the author's personal inspection — 
an affection of the eyes rendering this service 
impossible. But for this it might have re- 
ceived many retouches, which, if they did 
not add materially to its value, might have 
improved its appearance. 



DOMESTIC PROPENSITIES. 



1. AMATIVENESS. 

This organ produces the sexual passion, and 
imparts to its possessor a desire for the hap- 
piness of the opposite sex. In society it does 
much to promote general kindliness of feel- 
ing, and urbanity of manners. 

Predominant. — One in whom this organ pre- 
dominates, will incline to be libidinous, licen- 
tious and lustful. If his moral organs are very 
large, particularly Firmness and Conscientious- 
ness, he may restrain the outward expression of 
this feeling; but it will, nevertheless, be power- 
ful , and at times overwhelming. If long deprived 
of the society of the other sex, he will feel 
lonesome and disconsolate. 



2 AMATIVENESS. 

Large. — With large Amativeness and Adhe- 
siveness, an individual will be exceedingly at- 
tached to the society of the other sex; and 
will be capable of readily ingratiating him- 
self into their favour. If with these organs 
large, and small Firmness and Conscientious- 
ness, although his love will be intense and 
fervid, yet he will be apt to be capricious and 
fickle in his attachments. He will be inclined 
rather to seek the favour of the sex generally, 
than to limit his regard to a single object. If 
Adhesiveness, Inhabitiveness and Philoprogeni- 
tiveness are large, he will be induced to marry 
early, but if Adhesiveness, Philoprogenitiveness, 
and Conscientiousness are small, he will be 
inclined to gratify this feeling without reference 
to the laws of morality. With Self-esteem, 
Firmness, and Secretiveness large, although he 
may love intensely, yet he will not allow his pas- 
sion to predominate over him; if disappointed, he 
will not be subdued, but manifest to the spec- 
tator the appearance of unconcern. With such 
a combination, he will, in all cases, feel much 
more intensely than his expressions will imply. 



AMATIVENESS. 3 

If Mirthfulness is large, and Conscientiousness 
and Ideality small, he will be liable to joke, and 
be fond of licentious allusions. 

Moderate. — With a moderate developement 
of this organ j an individual will take great plea- 
sure in the society of ladies, whose taste and 
feelings coincide with his own. If his Moral 
Sentiments and Intellect are large, he will be 
averse to the society of the merely volatile and 
frivolous. If Ideality and Love of Approbation 
are large, he will be attracted by the company 
of the gay and fashionable. If Ideality and 
Intellect generally, are large, he will be dis- 
gusted with vulgarity and libidinous allusions' 
His passion will be deep, but not lasting, and 
with a moderate amount of controlling organs he 
can restrain it at will. 

Small. — When this organ is small, an indi- 
vidual will be distant and reserved towards 
females. If Adhesiveness is large, he may be 
attached to the society of a select few; but the 
connexion will be of a strictly Platonic charac- 



4 AMATIVENESS. 

ter. He will be unable to feel the peculiar 
pleasures of female society. If Adhesiveness 
and Philoprogenitiveness are large, he may be 
disposed to a matrimonial alliance; but if these 
organs are small, he will be decidedly averse 
to such a connexion. If one with Moral Senti- 
ments moderate, and Destructiveness and Self- 
esteem large, under the influence of the afore- 
mentioned combination, were to marry, the 
connexion would be necessarily an unfortunate 
one; his attachment could not outlive the 
vicissitudes attending the marriage state, and 
would inevitably degenerate into disdain and 
aversion. He would, notwithstanding, be a 
fond parent, though his affection would be 
capricious and ill regulated. With Adhesive- 
ness, Conscientiousness, Veneration, and Be- 
nevolence large, an individual's regard for the 
wife of his choice, if fortunate in his selection, 
will increase with time; the strength of his supe- 
rior sentiments more than supplying the want 
of animal passion. 



PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 



PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 

The legitimate office of this organ is to pro- 
duce love for one's own offspring. It produces, 
however, in the breast of its possessor an affec- 
tion for children indiscriminately; for the feeble 
and helpless; for pets — as dogs, horses, cats, &c, 
and even for inanimate objects. It has an influ- 
ence in producing general kindliness of dispo- 
sition. A peculiarity of its character consists 
in its inspiring its possessor to love with the 
fondest affection the child that is the most help- 
less, and even the one that has caused the greatest 
solicitude and brought down on its parent the 
deepest disgrace. 

Predominant. — An individual in w r hom this 
organ predominates has a constant hankering 
for the society of children. If without them 
himself, he views the deprivation as a great mis- 
fortune, and if his circumstances are favourable, 
will be likely to adopt one, for the purpose of 
b* 



6 PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 

exhausting the energy of this feeling upon it. 
He will be likewise much attached to pets, as 
horses and dogs. 

Large. — Those who possess this organ large, 
betray it in every look and motion when in com- 
pany with children. They take the greatest 
delight in their society, and enter into their 
little troubles and enjoyments with the greatest 
zeal. They readily enlist their confidence, and 
can easily control them. If deprived of their 
society, they will exhaust their attachment upon 
some pet animal which they will frequently 
fondle. When Combativeness, Destructiveness 
and Philoprogenitiveness are large, an individual 
will punish children severely when they annoy 
him, notwithstanding his great affection for 
them. If Self-esteem and Combativeness are 
small, he will be liable to humour his children 
and allow them improper indulgences. With 
Combativeness and Destructiveness large, he 
will be apt to be capricious in his feelings 
towards children, at one time humoring them, 
and at another petulant and cross. 



PHILOPROGENITIVENESS. 7 

Moderate. — With Philoprogenitiveness mo- 
derate, a person will be attached to his own 
children to a good degree, and may take some 
interest in others after they begin to lose their 
infantile character. This feeling, however, will 
not be durable. He will readily tire of children 
when they annoy him. The death of a child 
will be a poignant affliction to him, but it 
will be soon forgotten. If Destructiveness and 
Self-esteem are large, he will be liable to punish 
them with severity for trivial offences. 

Small. — With this organ small, a person will 
be exceedingly annoyed by chil dren. If a parent, 
he will consign the care of them to menials. In 
all his intercourse with company, he will betray 
a marked indifference to their society. If ever 
induced to amuse them, his awkwardness will 
betray itself to the most casual observer. If 
Benevolence is large, he will take all needful 
care of them; but if Secretiveness and Destruc- 
tiveness are large, he will delight to torment and 
teaze them. 



ADHESIVENESS. 



3. ADHESIVENESS. 



Tins organ furnishes the instinct of social 
attachment. Towards the object of its regard 
it excites the purest feelings of affection. It is 
not satisfied with loving, it must also be loved, 
and requires for its healthy existence a constant 
exchange of pure and radiant affection. It dif- 
fuses its influence over the whole character of 
the man, and tends to render him kind, amiable, 
and affectionate. It leads to the love of com- 
pany, and of social intercourse. While it is the 
germ of many virtues, it is to be feared, in the 
present state of society, it is likewise produc- 
tive of many vices. 

Predominant. — With Adhesiveness predomi- 
nant, an individual is pre-eminently qualified 
to enjoy friendship, and will be miserable with- 
out it. He will often feel the yearnings of 
affection coming over him with all the intensity 
of a passion. His most vivid enjoyments are 



ADHESIVENESS. y 

experienced in the society of his friends. He 
readily recognises the existence of a similar 
feeling in another, and, if circumstances are 
favourable, they soon become intimate. 

Large. — One having Adhesiveness large, is 
eminently social and affectionate. With large 
Moral organs, will make great sacrifices to ren- 
der his friends service, and will esteem the 
pleasures of friendship as one of the chief sources 
of enjoyment. With Combativeness and De- 
structiveness large, and Self-esteem moderate, 
will resent an aggression upon a friend which 
he would not notice upon himself. If Self- 
esteem is large, with Combativeness and Destruc- 
tiveness large, he will easily get angry with his 
friends, but will be readily conciliated. With 
Benevolence and Love of Approbation large, is 
exceedingly liberal and forward among friends; 
will do his utmost to please and gratify them; 
earnestly desire their approbation; and will be 
exceedingly sensitive to their reproaches. With 
Firmness and Conscientiousness small, will be 
capricious in his attachments. With Secretive- 



10 ADHESIVENESS. 

ness and Self-esteem large, he will not fully 
express the feelings which he experiences, and 
will thus leave the impression that his affection 
is less than it really is. 

Moderate. — One having Adhesiveness mode- 
rate, may be strongly attached to friends, but 
his friendships will be readily severed. He 
may be companionable, and with large Benevo- 
lence will be generous and good -hearted, but he 
will still lack that strong feeling of sympathy 
without which friendship is but a name. 

Small. — With Adhesiveness small, an indi- 
vidual will be unsocial, cold-hearted and selfish. 
If his moral organs predominate over self-esteem, 
he may be companionable, but he will be nearly 
wanting in the attributes of character ascribed to 
this organ. 



INHABITIVENESS. 1 1 



4. INHABITIVENESS. 

This organ produces home-sickness, and causes 
a feeling of regret to take possession of the mind 
when leaving a place in which one has long- 
resided. It is the first element of patriotism. 
It produces a desire to locate and reside in a 
particular place, and adds much to the strength 
of family attachments. 

Predominant. — One in whom Inhabitiveness 
predominates, is pre-eminently attached to any 
place with which he has become familiar. It 
causes him much pain to leave it, and he returns 
to it with eagerness. 

Large. — One having inhabitiveness large, will 
experience the most poignant sensations of re- 
gret at leaving a place with which he has become 
familiar. Even a particular house, garden, office 
or room, has for him peculiar gratifications. 
With large Locality, will take delight in tra- 



12 INHABITIVENESS. 

veiling, but will be constantly harassed by 
thoughts of home. This is more especially 
the case if Concentrativeness is large. If Self- 
esteem and Veneration are large, he will be 
eminently patriotic, and will defend his country 
from aspersions with as much vigour as himself. 
Veneration being large, he will experience the 
profoundest feelings of respect and regard for 
the memory of the departed worthies of its his- 
tory; and with large Individuality, Eventuality, 
&c, he will take great delight in reading the 
history of his own country, and of conversing 
upon its character and institutions. If long 
absent from home, he is constantly curious, and 
eagerly seeks every means of being informed 
concerning it. The peculiarities of the different 
places in which he has resided often occur to him 
with feelings of the most vivid pleasure. 

Moderate. — One in whom Inhabitiveness is 
moderate, will not change his residence without 
regret, yet soon becomes reconciled to a new 
location. If long absent from his country, Self- 
esteem being small, he will become expatriated 



INH ABITIVENESS. 1 3 

in feeling, and identify himself wholly with the 
country in which he resides. 

Small. — When Inhabitiveness is small, the 
individual will be constantly prompted to change 
his place of residence. Unless this feeling is 
counteracted by the strength of other organs, he 
cannot get familiarized with a place without 
becoming dissatisfied and restless. 



CONCENTRATIVENESS. 

This organ imparts the power of continuity of 
thought. It also aids in enabling its possessor 
to continue the action of the organs generally. 



Predominant. — One having Concentrativeness 
predominant, with Causality large, will be much 
subject to absence of mind. He will be quite 
unable to attend to more than one thing at a 



14 CONCENTRATIVENESS. 

time, and will be generally prolix in conversa- 
tion. 

Large. — With large Concentrativeness, an 
individual will be much disturbed if more than 
one thing claim attention at once; has a strong 
inclination after taking up a subject to pursue it 
till he has completed it. In conversation he 
will be much distracted if it is desultory in its 
character. If a writer, his compositions will 
exhibit a sustained unity of expression through- 
out. 

Moderate. — One with Concentrativeness mo- 
derate, is inclined to pursue a subject or train of 
thought, but can be easily diverted from it. If 
Causality and Intellect generally are mode- 
rate, is neither inclined to pursue a study to its 
termination, nor is he able to pass rapidly to 
another. With nervous temperament he will 
possess great versatility of attention. 

Small. — With Concentrativeness small, an 
individual will be quite unable to devote his 



CONCENTRATIVENESS. 1 5 

attention for any length of time to a single study 
or subject. In ordinary conversation, he will 
fly from one subject to another, without order or 
arrangement. His friends, even if strongly 
attached to them, will not be long thought of at 
a time. His antipathies will be readily assuaged. 
He will possess great vivacity of disposition. 



SELFISH PROPENSITIES. 



1. COMBATIVENESS. 

This organ gives the desire to oppose, resist 
and overcome. It renders its possessor able 
to encounter difficulties, and to be bold and 
strenuous in his opposition. If not properly 
regulated, it leads to a desire to contradict and 
quarrel for the sake of opposition. It gives 
vigour and zeal to the pugilist and warrior. 

Predominant. — When this organ predomi- 
nates, the individual will be bold, disputatious 
and quarrelsome. In an encounter he will never 
be satisfied till he has obtained the mastery. 
He will display great nerve and determination 
in whatever he undertakes. With Self-esteem 
large, and Conscientiousness and Benevolence 



COMBATIVENESS. 17 

small, he will be extremely quarrelsome and 
overbearing. 

Large. — With Self-esteem large, the indivi- 
dual wiil be pre-eminently bold and enterprising. 
If Firmness is small; he will be wavering in 
his views; but if Firmness is large, he will add 
perseverance to courage, and never give up 
a point while a reasonable hope of success re- 
mains. If with this combination, and Moral 
Sentiments small, he will be litigious and quar- 
relsome. If Destructiveness is small, he will be 
fond of disputing, but will avoid giving pain. 
If Destructiveness is large, and Benevolence 
small, he will be vindictive and cruel, and will 
ever be disposed to vindicate his own importance, 
regardless of circumstances or the rights of 
others. If Love of Approbation, Benevolence, 
Veneration and Conscientiousness are large, 
he will avoid all low contentions, and will di- 
rect the action of this organ to the maintenance 
of right and the enforcement of just opinion. 

Moderate. — One with moderate Combative- 



18 COMBATIVENESS. 

ness, will forbear in a contention as long as 
Self-esteem will allow. If his temperament is 
active, he may be irritable and passionate, but 
upon the whole, will be peaceable. If his reli- 
gious feelings are strong, notwithstanding his 
usual distaste for opposition, he will contend 
strenuously for the rights of his church, and 
cheerfully encounter reproach for its sake. If 
Acquisitiveness is large, and Self-esteem small, 
he will allow himself to be insulted with impu- 
nity, but will resist every attack upon his pro- 
perty. 

Small. — With Combativeness small, an indi- 
vidual's character will be mild and peaceable. 
He will rather submit to oppression than make 
the requisite exertion to defend his rights. 
Above every thing else he will desire peace. 
With Self-esteem small, he will be eminently 
deficient in presence of mind in times of danger. 
He will quail under opposition, and with Cau- 
tiousness large, will be timid and cowardly. 
With Destructiveness large, and Benevolence 
small, he will be harsh and severe where there 



COMBATIVENESS. 19 

is no resentment to be feared. With Acquisi- 
tiveness large, he will be fond of acquiring by 
slow accumulations, rather than by bold specu- 
lations. With Domestic Feelings large, he will 
avoid the turbulent scenes of life, and seek 
refuge in quiet and retirement. 



2. DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

This organ produces the propensity to exter- 
minate and destroy. It incites the murderer 
to his act of crime. It renders its possessor 
harsh, cruel, and indifferent to the feelings of 
others, and is an active element in the minds of 
all warriors, sportsmen and pugilists. 

Predominant. — With Destructiveness predo- 
minant, an individual will be harsh, cruel and 
severe. His language will abound with pungent 
sarcasms and cutting remarks. With large 
Combativeness, he will prefer arms as a profes- 
sion. With Self-esteem and Combativeness 



20 DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

both large, he will be distinguished for his 
energy and force of character. He will drive 
through his purposes regardless of opposition. 

Large. — With Destructiveness large, and Be- 
nevolence small, an individual will be cruel, 
sanguinary and severe. With Secretiveness and 
Conscientiousness small, and Combativeness and 
Self-esteem large, he will be exceedingly pas- 
sionate and vindictive. With such a combina- 
tion, he will lose no opportunity of assailing the 
feelings of his opponents. If Amativeness and 
Adhesiveness are large, he will be attached to 
his family, yet will treat them often with great 
severity. If Combativeness and Destructive- 
ness are small, it will require much to excite 
him, but when aroused, he will be vindictive to 
the last degree. If Benevolence is large, he will 
not be sanguinary or cruel; but with Combative- 
ness moderate, will be mild and amiable in 
disposition, yet capable of great severity when 
circumstances justify it. This combination 
enables the surgeon to perform an operation 
with the requisite energy, and yet without giv- 



DESTRUCTIVENESS. 2 1 

ing unnecessary pain. With Approbativeness 
small, and Self-esteem, Conscientiousness and 
Benevolence large, he may be charitable, yet he 
will often give needless offence in his adminis- 
trations of charity. He will destroy every thing 
that is not absolutely valuable. 

Moderate. — With Destructiveness moderate, 
and Benevolence large, one will be tender- 
hearted, and with small Combativeness, effemi- 
nate. With moderate Benevolence, and large 
Self-esteem and Combativeness, he will possess 
sufficient severity of character to enable him to 
succeed in any lawful occupation. He will be 
naturally peaceful and opposed to harsh mea- 
sures when they can be avoided, yet will not 
refrain from using severity when necessary. If 
Benevolence is large, and Combativeness and 
Self-esteem moderate, he will lack energy and 
force of mind; will easily sink under difficulties 
and submit quietly to aggression and imposition. 

Small. — With Destructiveness small, an indi- 
vidual will be effeminate, and with moderate 



22 DESTRUCTIVENESS. 

Combativeness, be very destitute of energy and 
force of character. He will be mild, inoffensive, 
and peaceable. The performance of an action 
that requires the infliction of much pain, will be 
to him nearly impossible. With Acquisitive- 
ness moderate or large, he will have a desire to 
preserve and lay by every thing that is not abso- 
lutely worthless. It will give him pain to see 
any thing that may possibly be of service de- 
stroyed. 



3. SECRETIVENESS. 

This organ gives the desire and the talents for 
concealment. In its abuse, it renders its pos- 
sessor averse to, and almost incapable of, an 
open-hearted expression. His remarks are sly, 
evasive and ambiguous. His actions, he consi- 
ders, are beyond the reach of human sagacity. 
It is the foundation of all hypocrisy, deception 
and intrigue. 



SECRETIVENESS. 23 

Predominant. — One in whom Secretiveness 
predominates, will be sly, conniving and hypo- 
critical. It will be difficult for him to relate the 
simplest incident without evasion. If he has an 
end to bring about, he will seek to do it by 
some manoeuvre, even when an open course 
would be more effective. The most trifling 
actions of his life will be brought about by strata- 
gem. He looks upon others as being actu- 
ated by the same motives as himself, and is 
constantly suspicious and watchful. He will 
possess great tact, and be readily enabled to dis- 
cover the motives of others. In conversation, he 
is apt to hesitate and recommence his sentences, 
and to answer in an ambiguous manner. 

Large. — With Secretiveness, Self-esteem and 
Conscientiousness large, an individual will de- 
test hypocrisy and duplicity, yet will be exceed- 
ingly prudent and circumspect in his conversa- 
tion and conduct. He will be slow to make 
acquaintances, and will require a long time ere 
he becomes intimate with them. With Love of 
Approbation large, he will be deff'erential and 



24 SECRETIVENESS. 

polite, and will possess a superior tact at making 
himself agreeable. With Comparison and Indi- 
viduality large, he will possess a good know- 
ledge of human nature, will be well qualified to 
detect intrigue, and of frustrating any designs 
upon himself. If Self-esteem, Firmness and 
Secretiveness are large, he will endure pain 
with the most heroic fortitude and forbearance. 
If Conscientiousness be moderate, he will be 
very suspicious towards others, and will be per- 
petually on his guard. If Destructiveness and 
Self-esteem are large, he will be easily made 
angry, but with Cautiousness and Firmness 
large, will restrain his feelings even when highly 
excited. With Conscientiousness and Cautious- 
ness large, it will be exceedingly difficult for 
him to form an opinion. With Adhesiveness 
moderate, and Imitation large, he will be liable 
to be very friendly to one's face, and abuse him 
in his absence. With Self-esteem and Firmness 
large, will seldom yield to an opponent, but 
will very often deceive him by appearing to have 
yielded. 



SECRETIVENESS. 25 

Moderate. — With Secretiveness moderate, 
and Self-esteem large, one will be frank, candid 
and open-hearted in his ordinary intercourse 
with society, yet will be capable, when neces- 
sity requires it, of intrigue and duplicity. He 
will be frank, open and sincere to acquaint- 
ances, yet will manifest much reserve to stran- 
gers. His ordinary conversation will be discreet, 
yet, when excited, he will express his sentiments 
regardless of consequences; this is more parti- 
cularly true when Cautiousness is small. He 
will then be distinguished for contrariety of 
feeling, being prudent and circumspect at one 
time, and open, blunt and offending at another. 
Conscientiousness being small, adds much to 
the strength of Secretiveness. He will then 
use deception and intrigue whenever they an- 
swer his purpose. If Self-esteem, Combative- 
ness and Destructiveness are large, he will be 
very blunt and decided, when nothing is to be 
gained by an opposite course, and will express 
his sentiments without scruple. 

Small. — With Secretiveness small, one is 



26 SECRETIVENESS. 

frank, candid and open-hearted. He will freely 
relate even to comparative strangers all his 
foibles and weaknesses, as well as his virtues 
and merits. He expresses his hatred and dis- 
likes without fear or favour. Strangers will 
suppose his anger or displeasure to be greater 
than it really , is. With Destructiveness and 
Self-esteem large, he will get angry readily, 
but if Concentrativeness is small, will soon re- 
cover his temper. He will be often imposed 
upon in consequence of his relying too much on 
others. If Love of Approbation and Benevo- 
lence are small, his demeanour will be usu- 
ally gruff and impolite. He will have great 
aversion to outside show, will use plain and 
blunt expressions, and be fond of forcible lan- 



4. ACQUISITIVENESS. 

This organ produces the desire to save, to 
hoard up and accumulate. It induces its pos- 



ACQUISITIVENESS. 27 

sessor to acquire property without reference to 
its uses or his own necessities. It produces the 
instinct of property. 

Predominant. — A person in whom this organ 
predominates, will be miserly, sordid and ava- 
ricious. He will look upon the accumulation 
of property as the great end of human existence. 
If with a low education, he will not scruple to 
steal and pilfer. 

Large. — With large Acquisitiveness, and 
small Benevolence, an individual will be selfish, 
sordid and grasping; but with large Conscien- 
tiousness, he will not trespass on the rights of 
others. With Domestic Feelings small, he will 
be excessively penurious in regard to his family, 
and will begrudge every shilling that is expended 
for their benefit; but if Domestic Feelings are 
large, he will spend money freely for the com- 
fort of his family, when he would not on his 
own account. With Love of Approbation and 
Ideality large, he will spend money freely, in 
order that he may excel in dress, equipage, &c, 



28 ACQUISITIVENESS. 

while at the same time, he will be excessively 
penurious in his dealings. With large Venera- 
tion, he will look with much respect and awe 
upon those who are distinguished for their 
wealth. With Love of Approbation large, he 
will be anxious to avoid the reputation of little- 
ness in his dealings, and will often give to chari- 
table objects, but will give in such a way as it 
shall be known. With Firmness, Self-esteem, 
Hope and Combativeness large, he will be emi- 
nently enterprising and persevering. If Caution 
is small, will be apt to rush into speculations 
heedlessly and recklessly; but if Caution is large, 
will be exceedingly prudent and careful in what 
he undertakes; but when he has come to a con- 
clusion upon a point, he will pursue it with 
great zeal and energy. Tf Secretiveness is 
large, he will have great ability to make a bar- 
gain and effect an arrangement where many 
others would fail. If Cautiousness is large, and 
Hope and Self-esteem moderate or small, he 
will be averse to speculations and great enter- 
prises, and prefer slow processes of accumula- 
tion. If Firmness is small, he will be apt to be 



ACQUISITIVENESS. 29 

fickle in his undertakings and not pursue them 
long enough to obtain his ends. If Conscien- 
tiousness and Veneration be large, he may be 
induced to give money to religious purposes. 
If Ideality and Veneration are large, he will be 
likely to hoard antiquities, medals, &c. With 
large Intellect, he will take great pleasure in 
accumulating a library. If Ideality and Love 
of Approbation are small, he will care little for 
the beauty of the binding or the neatness of the 
type; but with Ideality large, he will spend 
money freely for these luxuries. With Percep- 
tive organs large, will be a good judge of pro- 
perty, &c. 

Moderate. — With moderate Acquisitiveness, 
Self-esteem and Love of Approbation, a person 
may be close and economical in his dealings, be 
shrewd, enterprising and industrious, may make 
and accumulate money, but he will often spend 
it unnecessarily. With every desire, as he sup- 
poses, to save, yet he will find at the end of 
the year that he has expended much that he 
might have saved. If Alimentiveness is large, 



30 ACQUISITIVENESS. 

he will be unable to deny himself the pleasures 
of the table. If Adhesiveness is large, he will 
spend money freely for the gratification of his 
friends. If Benevolence is large, he will give 
much to objects of charity. He will look upon 
money as the means of enjoyment, and not as 
the end of human exertion. 

Small. — A person in whom Acquisitiveness is 
small, will be unable to understand the value 
of money, or to take pleasure in its acquisition, 
and unless restrained by the influence of the 
moral feelings, will be a spendthrift. 



5. ALIMENTIVENESS. 

This organ imparts the relish for food and 
drink. Its activity is increased when the per- 
son is engaged in eating or drinking. 

Predominant. — One in whom this organ is 
predominant, will be greatly addicted to the 



ALIMENTIVENESS. 31 

pleasures of the table, will eat voraciously, and 
will consider gustatory enjoyments one of the 
chief pleasures of existence. 

Large. — With Adhesiveness and Love of Ap- 
probation large, he will be very fond of public 
dinners and festive occasions. If to these be 
added Ideality large, the pleasures of these 
occasions will be heightened in proportion to the 
splendour of their appearance. If Acquisitive- 
ness is large, there will be a continued struggle 
in his mind; the one wishing to save money and 
the other to indulge in good living: the contest 
will be decided by the character of his other 
developements and his worldly circumstances. 
If Acquisitiveness is small, he will be regardless 
of the expense of an entertainment, and will 
gratify his appetite without reference to its cost. 
With Adhesiveness, Ideality and Approbative- 
ness large, he will take delight in entertaining 
his friends in a sumptuous manner. With Con- 
scientiousness, Veneration and Benevolence 
large, he will often reproach himself for his 
extravagance in matters of the table. With 



32 ALIMENTIVENESS. 

Mirthfulness, Imitation and Secretiveness large, 
will be excessively fond of telling stories, and 
in "setting the table in a roar." With Ideality 
and Love of Approbation moderate, and Caus- 
ality and Self-esteem large, will be fond of 
entertaining company, but will despise cere- 
mony. 

Moderate. — With Alimentiveness moderate, 
a person is fond of a good diet, but does not 
make it a prominent object of his attention. 
With Benevolence large, he will cheerfully put 
up with meaner fare than he is accustomed to 
when necessity requires it. If Acquisitiveness 
is large, he will not expend much upon the 
pleasures of the palate. 

Small.— With Alimentiveness small, an indi- 
vidual will be quite regardless of what he eats; 
will be unable to remember from one day to 
another what he has eaten, and usually finds it 
difficult to decide at table what dish to take first. 
With Destructiveness large, often speaks bitterly 
of those who indulge in luxurious living. With 



ALIMENTIVENESS. 33 

large Love of Approbation and Ideality, will 
give entertainments, but think more of the re- 
spectability of his company and the splendour of 
the appearance of his table, than of the quality 
of the food, &c. 



SELFISH SENTIMENTS. 



1. FIRMNESS. 

The tendency of this organ is to give con- 
stancy and perseverance to the other powers, 
and aids their activity and force. Its impulses 
are sometimes mistaken for will. This, how- 
ever, is not correct, as the action of this organ 
urges only to a continuance in the same pur- 
pose, the same mode of thinking, and the same 
cause of action. It adds force to resolution, 
and is the active element in fortitude^ perse- 
verance and endurance. With a strong endow- 
ment of this organ, persons find it difficult to 
enter readily into the feelings of others, or to 
feel new emotions suddenly. 

Predominant. — With Firmness predominant, 



FIRMNESS. 35 

a person will exhibit unyielding pertinacity of 
character throughout all the vicissitudes of life. 
No misfortune will appal him. His fortitude of 
character will enable him to rise superior to 
every affliction. Having once commenced a 
pursuit, he will never relinquish it till compelled 
to do so by the force of circumstances. His 
opinions will seldom change, and his whole 
appearance and manner will exhibit the man of 
firmness and decision. He may be a good mas- 
ter, but he will be an unwilling servant. 

Large. — With this organ large, a person will 
be of an unmovable character, firm in his reso- 
lutions, and constant in his principles. He 
attends little to exhortations or examples, his 
conduct is uniform, and his exertions may be 
calculated on in all the various situations of 
life. With Combativeness and Self-esteem 
large, he will never relinquish a pursuit while 
a hope of success remains, and with but mode- 
rate Cautiousness and Causality, will be deaf to 
all remonstrance or advice. With large Benevo- 
lence and Conscientiousness, he will seek for 



36 FIRMNESS. 

independence, yet be just and benevolent. An 
attack upon his opinions will increase the tena- 
city with which he maintains them. With large 
Self-esteem, he will be distinguished for pre- 
sence of mind in times of danger. 

. Moderate. — With Firmness moderate, a per- 
son will continue constant only in those pur- 
poses in which he is aided by the other organs. 
If Conscientiousness is large, and the Selfish 
Propensities small, he will continue inflexibly 
just through all temptations of life. If Acqui- 
sitiveness is large, he will never waver in his 
pursuit of riches. If Self-esteem is small, and 
Love of Approbation large, he will be entirely 
dependent on the will of his associates. It will 
be quite impossible for him to have an opinion of 
his own. 

Small. — With Firmness small, a person can- 
not be said to have a will of his own. He will 
follow the last impulse he receives, and without 
strength to resist, will be an easy instrument of 
every one he meets. The actions of his life 



FIRMNESS. 37 

will take their character from the other organs, 
and he will thus be constant in the gratification 
of predominant dispositions. With large Ac- 
quisitiveness, he will be constant in his efforts 
to become rich, but he will be unsteady in 
the means he employs. With large Benevo- 
lence, Combativeness and Destructiveness, he 
will be now all kindness, and anon passionate, 
violent and outrageous. With an active tem- 
perament, he will enter on his pursuits with 
great avidity, and follow them up with commen- 
dable zeal, until perhaps, near their accomplish- 
ment, and then fly away to something else. 
This state of mind is increased by great Cau- 
tiousness, and diminished by large Self-esteem. 



2. SELF-ESTEEM. 

This organ produces the feeling of individual 
personality, or of personal identity. It causes 
the feelings of self-love, self-respect, self-com- 
placency. It imparts to the individual a high 



38 SELF-ESTEEM. 

opinion of himself, and of every thing pertaining 
or belonging to himself. The most insignificant 
object, when in the possession of an individual 
with this feeling strong, assumes a value and an 
importance, in his own estimation, which nothing 
could have given it before. To such a person, 
the idea of self is perpetually before him. Let 
an idea be suggested, and his first consideration 
will be as to how it will affect his own condition. 
It gives a cold and repulsive appearance to the 
individual, and renders him particularly ob- 
noxious to others having the same organization. 
It renders one averse to submission, and gives 
an inclination to assume the lead. When pro- 
perly regulated, it adds dignity to the whole 
demeanour, and gives a nobleness to the cha- 
racter which effectually prevents any action of 
meanness or servility. 

Predominant. — With this organ predominant, 
an individual will be proud, haughty and super- 
cilious. Whatever he possesses, he considers 
superior to that belonging to any one else. In his 
judgment and actions he scorns all advice, and 



SELF-ESTEEM. 39 

looks down with contempt on his fellow-men. 
He admits no dictation. He never submits to 
advice, but assumes the lead on all occasions. 
Any thing like familiarity revolts him. His 
whole appearance indicates assurance and pre- 
sumption. When excited, he is disposed to go 
to the greatest extremes. "He will have many 
enemies, and will be regardless of the frown or 
the favour of men; intractable, domineering, 
repulsive, conceited, jealous, austere, he con- 
siders himself nearly infallible." 

Large. — With this organ large, the individual 
is endowed with that degree of self-complacency 
which enables him to apply his powers to the 
best advantage, in every situation in which he 
may be placed. With Combativeness and Firm- 
ness large, and Destructiveness moderate, he is 
eminently qualified to sustain himself in any 
situation in which he may be placed. With this 
organization, he will be bold, energetic, perse- 
vering, and surpassingly independent. No dif- 
ficulties will appal him, and no force of circum- 
stances of an ordinary character, will deter him 



40 SELF-ESTEEM. 

from the prosecution of his designs. With large 
Conscientiousness, he will be honourable and 
high-minded in the extreme. With large Con- 
scientiousness, Veneration, Ideality, Benevo- 
lence and Causality, he will rather suffer death 
than commit a dishonourable action. If Con- 
scientiousness, Benevolence and Veneration are 
deficient, he will be dogmatic, imperious and 
haughty, and will be constantly striving for 
power, which, when obtained, he invariably 
abuses. If an author, with Ideality, Language 
and Comparison large, he will write in a sus- 
tained and lofty style, never descending to a 
common-place expression. If his Domestic 
Feelings are large, with Combativeness and 
Destructiveness large, he will be tenderly at- 
tached to his family, and take great pride and 
interest in them, yet will require from them 
implicit obedience. With Cautiousness and 
Causality large, he will be induced to seek 
advice, but only for the purpose of enabling him 
to form his own opinion. With Cautiousness 
large, he will often appear disconcerted and dif- 
fident, in consequence of his anxiety about 



SELF-ESTEEM. 41 

matters likely to affect him. With Firmness, 
Secretiveness and Imitation large, a person will 
never act in a subordinate station. Let his 
situation in life be what it may, he will always 
be a leader. 

Moderate. — With Self-esteem moderate, and 
with a favourable developement of other organs, 
one will have sufficient self-respect for the ordi- 
nary occupations of life, but he will never be 
able to put himself forward in any great under- 
taking, or to command that general influence 
and esteem as he would do with a larger develope- 
ment of this organ. With Cautiousness, Love 
of Approbation and Veneration large, he will be 
humble, timid and abashed in the presence of 
superiors or strangers. He will lack the requi- 
site independence to vindicate his own opinion, 
and will be too ready to give way to that of 
others. With this organization, and large Intel- 
lect, he may possess great abilities, but for want 
of self-confidence requisite to enable him to 
make his way through opposition, he will be 
much underrated. It will give him pain to be 



42 SELF-ESTEEM. 

obliged to trespass on the attention of others, 
and he will suffer greatly from a feeling of un- 
worthiness. With small Cautiousness, Firm- 
ness, Combativeness and Destructiveness, he 
will be enterprising and persevering, yet will 
lack that force of character requisite for impor- 
tant undertakings. With large Veneration, 
Conscientiousness and Intellect, he will be 
respectful towards others, and will not be defi- 
cient in respect for himself. 

Small. — With Self-esteem small, one will be 
humble and submissive. No matter how exalted 
may be the character of his intellect, a feeling 
of un worthiness will accompany all his actions. 
He will ever associate with inferiors. His lan- 
guage will be trifling and common-place. Let 
his talents be what they may, he will never rise 
from an inferior station. 



LOVE OF APPROBATION. 43 



3. LOVE OF APPROBATION. 

This organ excites the desire of notice, praise, 
distinction and recognition. It is an active 
element in the mind of the office seeker, the 
soldier, the actor, the statesman, &c. It in- 
spires the fop, and sustains the buftbon. It 
causes a desire to be approved as well as noticed, 
but it prefers censure to inattention. When 
properly regulated, it induces amiability of dis- 
position. 

Predominant.— An individual with this organ 
predominant, will be grossly vain and fantastical. 
Every action of his life will be calculated to 
excite attention. He will appear to think as 
though the world had little else to do than to be 
attentive to his actions. 

Large. — With this organ large, a person will 
be distinguished for the regard he places upon 
his character. The disapprobation of his fellow- 



44 LOVE OF APPROBATION. 

men will be displeasing to him in a high degree. 
In his intercourse with society, he will be polite 
and courteous, avoiding every thing harsh, aus- 
tere or repulsive. If Conscientiousness and 
Intellect are deficient, he will be a braggart, and 
will often speak of his feats and performances. 
If thrown into evil company, he will be foremost 
in all deeds of wickedness. With Self-esteem 
large, and Causality moderate or small, will be 
exceedingly proud and vain, will use much cere- 
mony, and will be very affected in his manner 
and conversation; and if Ideality and Individu- 
ality are large, will be exceedingly fond of dress 
and finical decorations. With Adhesiveness 
large, and Firmness moderate or small, one will 
be influenced by the opinions of his friends and 
associates, and will give way to them in oppo- 
sition to the dictates of his own judgment. 
With this combination, and Destructiveness and 
Combativeness large, will get easily offended, 
and construe the least inattention from his 
friends into dislike or insult. With Cautious- 
ness, Secretiveness, Veneration and Conscien- 
tiousness large, or very large, and Self-esteem 



LOVE OF APPROBATION. 45 

small, will be very desirous to please, and will 
evince great anxiety to carry out this object; will 
feel great respect for superiors in age, talents, 
&c.$ will entertain a feeling of his own infe- 
riority, and also of reserve, which will have the 
effect of making him timid and bashful. With 
Combativeness, Destructiveness, Self-esteem, 
Firmness, Ideality, Individuality, Eventuality 
and Language large, and Comparison and Caus- 
ality large, will possess talents for an exalted 
order, and an ardent ambition of fame. This 
combination will enable him to distinguish him- 
self for intellectual greatness. 

Moderate. — With this organ but moderately 
developed, a person will by no means be insen- 
sible to the opinions of the world, yet, if Self- 
esteem and Conscientiousness are large, he will 
not allow its opinions to force him from the path 
of duty. If Adhesiveness is large, the opinion 
of his friends will have much influence over him. 
If Firmness, Self-esteem and Combativeness are 
large, he will be austere and independent, doing 



46 LOVE OF APPROBATION. 

what his own feelings dictate, regardless of the 
frowns or favours of his fellow -men. 



Small. — With Love of Approbation small, 
one will almost be insensible to the feelings of 
shame, and will be nearly regardless of public 
opinion. With small Ideality, he will be sloven- 
ly in his dress and appearance. 



4. CAUTIOUSNESS. 

This organ is the parent of fear. It urges its 
possessor to use every precaution possible for his 
individual safety. It is excited by every object 
that has power to affect his condition, or the 
condition of the objects of his other feelings. It 
renders one prudent, circumspect and judicious. 

Predominant. — When this organ predomi- 
nates, the individual will be timid, irresolute 
and undecided. He will never by any accident 
give way to a flow of ideas. For the most in- 



CAUTIOUSNESS. 47 

significant undertakings he will prepare with the 
greatest precaution, and will never form a con- 
nexion without subjecting it to the most rigorous 
examination. If Destructiveness is large, and 
Hope not more than moderate, he will be liable 
to commit suicide. 

Large. — With Cautiousness large, a person 
will be habitually careful, cautious and prudent 
in all his transactions in life. He will never 
take a step without due consideration. If Self- 
esteem, Combativeness and Destructiveness are 
large, he will be wary and prudent in entering 
upon an undertaking, but when he has com- 
menced, he will prosecute it with great energy 
and boldness. 

Moderate. — With but a moderate develope- 
ment of this organ, and with large Hope and 
Self-esteem, one will be habitually reckless and 
imprudent; but if these organs are small, and 
Causality and Comparison large, he will not 
lack discretion in ordinary occupations of life, 
or in cases where his other organs create a lively 



48 CAUTIOUSNESS. 

interest. If Acquisitiveness is large, he will be 
prudent in business transactions. If the Domes- 
tic Feelings are strong, he will be anxious 
respecting the welfare of his family; and if 
Love of Approbation is strong, he will be par- 
ticularly careful in whatever regards his own 
reputation. 

Small. — With Cautiousness small, a person 
will act according to the dictates of his other 
faculties, unrestrained by timidity or fear. He 
will be rash, precipitate and perfectly regardless 
of the results of his conduct. If with a sanguine 
temperament, and Hope moderate or large, his 
disposition will be gay and cheerfal, and will be 
too much engrossed with the present. 



MORAL SENTIMENTS. 



1. CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 

This organ views all actions in their moral 
aspect. It operates as an internal monitor, pre- 
scribing to its possessor the claims of truth and 
duty. Its power, however, does not enable it 
to decide upon what is abstractly just or unjust. 
This is affected by the character of the other 
organs with which it is combined. A person 
with large conscientiousness, and large Selfish 
Propensities, will consider an action just, which 
another, with the same amount of Conscientious- 
ness, and smaller propensities, will consider un- 
just. This organ is essential to the formation 
of a truly philosophic mind, especially in moral 
investigations. It produces the desire of dis- 
covering the tact of recognising it when discov- 

F 



50 CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 

ered, and that perfect reliance on its invincible 
supremacy which gives at once dignity and 
peace to the mind. 

Predominant. — When this organ predomi- 
nates, the individual looks always and only for 
truth, and receives it from whatever source it 
comes. He is thus disposed to regulate his 
conduct by the wisest sentiments of justice, 
which imparts an earnestness, integrity and 
directness in his manner, that leaves no room to 
doubt of his sincerity. He desires to act justly 
from the love of justice, unbiassed by fear, inte- 
rest or any sinister motive. When the actions 
have been contrary to the dictates of this organ, 
it produces remorse, repentance, a sense of guilt 
and demerit. 

Large. — With this organ large, and the Sel- 
fish Propensities moderate, one will be eminently 
just and honest in all his dealings. He can 
never be brought to sacrifice duty to expediency. 
With large Firmness and Combativeness, he 
will be particularly firm, bold and decided on 



CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 51 

all questions of moral duty. He will never 
shrink from the advocacy of right, or from sus- 
taining the defenceless from the unjust attacks 
of their enemies. If with this combination, De- 
structiveness is large, he will be inclined to 
severely censure any trickery or dishonesty in 
others; and if Causality is not large, he will 
consider himself the standard of truth and jus- 
tice, by which all others must be judged. 

Moderate. — With but a moderate develope- 
ment of this organ, one will endeavour to act 
justly; and if Causality and Comparison are 
large, and the Selfish Propensities small, he will 
generally do so; but if the Selfish Propensities 
are very strong, he will be guided more by con- 
siderations of interest than of duty. If with 
this combination, and Adhesiveness large, while 
he will take advantage of a stranger in a pecu- 
niary transaction, no power of circumstances 
can induce him to trespass on the rights of a 
friend. His compunctions of conscience will 
be few and feeble. He will not be scrupulous 
about what he requires of others, seeming to 



52 CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 

claim as a right, that they should make sacri- 
fices to his interest and inclination. He will 
look more to the effect that actions and opinions 
will have upon himself, than upon their moral 
character. If Love of Approbation, Secretive- 
ness and Destructiveness are large, he w T ill be 
likely to indulge in harsh, censorious and unjust 
remarks upon the character of his neighbours, 
while at the same time, if Acquisitiveness is 
moderate or small, he will be strictly just in all 
his dealings. 

Small. — With Conscientiousness small, one 
will have few or no compunctions of conscience, 
he will be ever ready to justify himself to him- 
self, have little or no regard for moral principle, 
and an imperfect idea of right and wrong in the 
abstract. With large Self-esteem, Benevolence, 
and Adhesiveness, and with small Acquisitiveness 
and Secretiveness, he may be honest and kind- 
hearted in his general conduct, but it will be 
because he considers it dishonourable and un- 
manly to commit a mean action, and because it 
pains his Benevolence and Adhesiveness to 



CONSCIENTIOUSNESS. 53 

injure another. With this combination he will 
extol his friends in the highest terms, but if he 
gets angry with them, he will traduce and vilify 
them, being in both cases regardless of their 
true merit. If Love of Approbation is large, he 
will adopt every means to please without regard 
to justice or propriety. 



2. VENERATION. 

This organ produces the sentiment of reve- 
rence, without regarding the character of the 
object on which it seeks exercise. By its influ- 
ence man adores God, venerates saints, and 
respects parents, teachers and superiors in gene- 
ral. This organ is the source of natural religion, 
or that tendency to worship a superior power 
which manifests itself in every nation yet dis- 
covered. 

Predominant. — With Veneration predomi- 
nant, a person if religious, will be extremely 

F* 



54 VENERATION. 

devout, and will experience the most profound 
feelings of awe and respect in contemplating the 
attributes of the deity. If Marvellousness and 
Conscientiousness are large, he will be extremely- 
susceptible of religious impressions, and will not 
fail to become a devout and enthusiastic adhe- 
rent of the church. 

Large. — A person with Veneration large, will 
feel profound respect for all persons and objects 
that are aged and venerable, or in any way en- 
titled in his estimation to respect and confidence. 
With large Benevolence and Conscientiousness, 
he will not only act justly and charitably, but 
his actions will be accompanied and sustained 
by a feeling of respect and reverence for the 
abstract principles of justice and charity, that 
cannot be conceived by those who have this 
organ small. With large Love of Approbation, 
and small Conscientiousness, he will be dis- 
posed to think highly of those who are in high 
stations, the rich, the powerful and the grand. 
If Combativeness and Destructiveness are large, 
and iVcquisitiveness small, while he may look 



VENERATION. 55 

with contempt upon the merely wealthy, he will 
feel much respect for the memory and character 
of the brave and patriotic. With large Intellect, 
the action of this organ will be exerted towards 
the character and persons of literary men. 

Moderate. — With this organ but moderately 
developed, the sentiment of respect in general 
will have but a limited influence over the cha- 
racter of the individual. If Conscientiousness 
and Marvellousness are large, he will probably 
be religious, but he will not be so devout and 
enthusiastic in his devotions as many others 
with less real piety. If Love of Approbation is 
large, he will be exceedingly courteous and 
attentive, but his conduct will lack that defer- 
ence and respect so necessary to conciliate 
esteem. 

Small. — With Veneration but small, a per- 
son will be almost wholly destitute of the quali- 
ties ascribed to this organ. He may be religious, 
but the act of devotion will be a task to him, and 
he will be enabled to conceive those feelings of 



56 VENERATION. 

solemnity and awe, with which many are exer£ 
cised. Children so constituted are disobedient 
and inattentive to their parents and teachers. 



3. BENEVOLENCE. 

This organ produces the desire of the happi- 
ness of others, and disposes to compassion and 
goodness of heart. It produces liberality of sen- 
timent towards all mankind, and a disposition 
to love them and contribute to their pleasures. 
The benevolent man cannot feel happy, as long 
as famine, bodily suffering and mental misery 
are the bitter portion of his fellow creatures. 
He will never complain of the heartlessness or 
the ingratitude of others. He is so well aware 
of wishing well to others, that he does not doubt 
of their good will towards himself 

Predominant. — With this organ predominant, 
one may almost be said to be the victim of his 
kindness, good will and sympathy to others. In 



BENEVOLENCE. 57 

his zeal for the welfare of his fellow creatures, 
he seldom thinks of himself. In society, he 
restrains all his selfish inclinations, for fear of 
giving uneasiness to others. He will frequently 
meditate upon the miseries of mankind, and 
consider the various means of relieving their 
wretchedness. 

Large. — With Benevolence large, one will 
be kind, charitable and forgiving. His whole 
demeanour will indicate goodness of disposition. 
If Secretiveness is small, he will be especially 
liable to imposition, as he will be conscious of 
entertaining no designs against others, and will 
suspect none against himself. If Adhesiveness 
is large, and Acquisitiveness small, he will be 
exceedingly liberal and generous. He will find 
it difficult to withstand the solicitations of chari- 
ty, and will be especially alive to the interests 
of his friends. With Acquisitiveness large, he 
will be well disposed to charitable objects, but 
will seldom ever give to them substantial aid. 
He will be more likely to give his time and 



58 BENEVOLENCE. 

advice than money. If, with this combination 
large, Love of Approbation be added, it will 
greatly aid the effect of Benevolence. With 
but moderate Destructiveness, it will be difficult 
for him to witness suffering or pain; yet, with 
large Destructiveness, when it is necessary, 
notwithstanding his general kindness of dispo- 
sition, can witness and even inflict pain, and 
take pleasure in it. 

Moderate. — With Benevolence moderate, one 
will be kindly and well disposed towards others, 
yet, except on extraordinary occasions, will not 
make many sacrifices to their good. If Acqui- 
sitiveness and the Selfish Feelings generally 
are large, he will be avaricious and selfish to the 
last degree, and yet not be absolutely insensible 
to the claims of the unfortunate. If Love of 
Approbation is large, he may often give to chari- 
table purposes, but it will be more for the sake 
of having his acts the subject of conversation 
than out of good will to the object. If Self- 
esteem, Combativeness and Destructiveness are 



BENEVOLENCE. 59 

large, he will be harsh, cruel and severe, and 
will be apparently utterly regardless of the feel- 
ings of his fellow men. 

Small. — With Benevolence but small, one 
will be unfeeling and cruel. If Conscientious- 
ness is large, he will not trespass on the rights 
of others in any particular, but his whole con- 
duct will exhibit, notwithstanding, a disregard 
of all the tender amenities of life, and an almost 
utter absence of sympathy and good feeling. 



4. HOPE. 

This organ induces the mind to contemplate 
the future with high anticipations of being able 
to realize whatever the other feelings desire. 
It thus causes us to be gay and cheerful, and to 
preserve the equanimity of our temper amidst 
difficulties and misfortune. Those who are 
destitute of it are prone to disobedience. Their 
ideas of the future are always dark and gloomy. 



60 HOPE. 

Predominant. — With Hope predominant, an 
individual is constantly revelling in the bright 
prospects of the future. He will be so sanguine 
of success, that he will neglect the means by 
which success can. be attained. He will be 
credulous and visionary in all his enterprises 
and undertakings. 

Large. — With Hope large, one always views 
the future with bright anticipations. If Caution 
and Causality are large, he will never be carried 
away by his expectations, but will pursue gene- 
rally a prudent course, and not allow his hopes 
to hurry him into imprudent measures. If Com- 
bativeness, Firmness, Self-esteem and Ideality 
are large, he will be bold, speculative and enter- 
prising; and if Caution is small, will be exces- 
sively rash, precipitate and imprudent, often 
attempting undertakings which to the less san- 
guine appear impossible. With this combina- 
tion, he will never be cast down or discouraged; 
the vicissitudes of fortune have no power to 
repress his energy or restrain his enterprise* 



HOPE. 61 

Moderate. — With Hope moderate, one's ex- 
pectations will be sanguine, but not immode- 
rately so. If Firmness, Self-esteem, Combative- 
ness and Destructiveness are large, he will 
attempt important undertakings, and count with 
much certainty and pleasure their chances of 
success. If Cautiousness is large, he will de- 
spond much more than hope, will never attempt 
enterprises, unless their chances of success are 
almost certain; will expect too little, rather 
than too much, and will not be sanguine or cheer- 
ful. 

Small. — With Hope small, a person will be 
constantly low spirited and melancholy. The 
brightest prospects can hardly excite his spirits. 
He will dwell perpetually upon the dark side of 
appearances, and will want enterprise and 
spirit. 



62 MARVELLOUSNESS. 



5. MARVELLOUSNESS. 

This organ produces credulity of mind. It 
predisposes to believe without sufficient testi- 
mony, and delights in contemplating the strange 
and wonderful. It has been supposed, that this 
organ is given to enable the mind to believe in 
those passages in Revelation, in which super- 
natural performances are related, and that con- 
sequently it increases the zeal and fervour of 
the devout and religious. Its more general 
manifestations, are to give a fondness for super- 
natural stories, and a love of the strange, the 
new and the marvellous, and sometimes leads to 
a desire to visit mysterious and unfrequented 
countries. 

Predominant. — With Marvellousness predo- 
minant, one will be exceedingly credulous and 
visionary in all his views. He will readily take 
for granted whatever is told him of a wonderful 
character. He will disregard simple causes, 



MARVELLOUSNESS. 63 

and be disposed to account for any thing a little 
unusual by a forced and unnatural conclusion. 

Large. — With Marvel lousness large, and 
Veneration large, a person, if religious, will be 
eminently devout and superstitious. He will 
readily believe in special providences, divine 
agency, &c. With large Eventuality and Ideal- 
ity, will be passionately fond of reading marvel- 
lous accounts, hair-breadth escapes, &c. With 
large Cautiousness, and small Causality, will be 
afraid of ghosts, and will profess often to see 
apparitions. 

Moderate. — With but a moderate develope- 
ment of this organ, and with large Causality and 
Comparison, one will be rather sceptical in his 
views, requiring much proof before his assent can 
be gained, yet at the same time, will keep his 
mind open to conviction, and will be willing to 
give subjects a considerate examination. If 
Causality is small, he will often adopt principles 
upon insufficient grounds; and with Ideality 
large, will be exceedingly fond of marvellous 



64 MARVELLOUSNESS. 

tales, and of fictitious excitement of a mysterious 
character. 



Small. — WithMarvellousness small, one will 
be exceedingly incredulous and sceptical. It 
will be impossible for him to believe any thing 
but what is susceptible of the clearest demon- 
stration. With Ideality moderate or small, he 
will have great aversion to marvellous stories and 
fictitious works generally. With Veneration 
small, he may be religious, but his mind will be 
peculiar. He will not submit to the teaching of 
any man, and will form his creed from the re- 
sults of his own reading and reflection. 



INTELLECTUAL SENTIMENTS. 



J. IDEALITY. 

This organ imparts a relish and a desire for 
the beautiful, the elevated and the exquisite. It 
renders its possessor constantly alive to impres- 
sions of beauty, and leads to a desire of improve- 
ment. Those who possess it large are never 
satisfied with sober reality; but delight to revel 
in the illusions of fancied existence. 

Predominant. — With Ideality predominant, 
one will live in a state of constant illusion. He 
will be enthusiastic and chimerical in all his 
views and opinions. His enjoyments will be of 
the most intense description, and his suffering of 
the same character. Plain matter of fact and 
sober reality will disgust him. He will be ever 



66 IDEALITY. 

striving after the refined and the ideal. He will 
be an enthusiastic admirer of poetry and the line 
arts, and all objects of taste. 

Large. — With this organ large, one will pos- 
sess a rich and glowing fancy, and a natural 
refinement and exquisiteness of taste. With 
Benevolence large, he will be much afflicted at 
the miseries of mankind, and will long for a 
state of existence where happiness is unalloyed 
and pleasure interminable. With Adhesiveness 
large, his ideas of friendship will be of the most 
exquisite and refined description. With Colour, 
Form and Size large, he will be an excellent 
judge of paintings, and will be exceedingly fond 
of them; with Locality and Form large, will take 
great delight in picturesque scenery, in flowers, 
trees, &c. With large Language and Compa- 
rison, will employ many metaphors and figures 
of speech in his writings and conversations; 
with Self-esteem and Comparison large, he will 
be exceedingly choice in his use of language; 
and if, with this combination, Language be large, 
and Causality small, he will have many more 



IDEALITY. 67 

words than ideas, and will converse much more 
than think. He will be superficial and showy, 
rather than solid. With Amativeness and Ad- 
hesiveness large, will be fond of such poetry as 
is the subject of love and passion. With Imita- 
tion and Marvellousness large, will never re- 
lapse in his efforts for improvement. 

Moderate. — With Ideality moderate, one 
will not be insensible to the beauties of nature 
and art, yet will never allow his fancy to obtain 
the mastery over him. He will seldom expe- 
rience a high degree of enthusiasm and rapture of 
feeling, and be rather a plain and matter-of-fact 
character. If Causality is large, he may relish 
fiction, but it will be more for its sentiment than 
for its ideal qualities. If Self-esteem is small, 
his language will be exceedingly plain, and he 
will never attain a high degree of refinement and 
polish of manners. 

Small. — With Ideality small, one will be 
incapable of appreciating beauty. His views 
and sentiments will be coarse and unrefined. 



68 IDEALITY. 

His expressions will be low and vulgar. He 
will have great aversion to poetry, paintings and 
all works of taste. 



2. CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 

This organ furnishes the inclination to con- 
struct, to build, and to invent. It is supposed 
by many, that this organ of itself is a proof of 
the ability to be an operative mechanic, but this 
is an error; the office of the organ is only to 
manifest the desire by which the intellect is 
excited to its gratification. To possess a high 
degree of inventive power, one must not only 
possess a large organ of Constructiveness, but a 
favourable intellect; and to be a successful prac- 
tical mechanic, it is requisite to have along with 
these two requisites, a large developement of 
Form, Size, Weight, &c. 

Predominant.— With Constructiveness pre- 
dominant, one will possess a high degree of 



CONSTRUCTIVENESS. 69 

natural ability for planning, contriving, building, 
&c. He will take great delight in contemplating 
works of architecture, and other subjects of 
human ingenuity. 

Large. — With large Constructiveness and 
Imitation, one will excel in making after a pat- 
tern; but if Form, Size and Weight are small, 
he will be unable to construct from his own 
invention. 



3. IMITATION. 

The function of this organ is to enable its pos- 
sessor to do whatever he has witnessed perform- 
ed by others. It leads to a desire to represent, 
mimic, act, copy, &c. It great greatly facili- 
tates the learning of a foreign language, and is 
an essential ingredient in the character of the 
skilful mechanic. The gestures of the active 
are prompted by the same feeling. 



70 IMITATION. 

Prebominant. — With this organ predominant 
will be given to practice mimicry and representa- 
tion. If Secretiveness is large, he will be well 
calculated for the stage, and can readily repre- 
sent any feeling or sentinent that he may be 
enabled to conceive. With large Eventuality, 
Individuality and Mirthfulness, will readily no- 
tice all the peculiarities of his associates, and be 
perpetually turning them into ridicule. 

Large. — With large Love of Approbation, 
Ideality, Self-esteem, Individuality and Secre- 
tiveness, one will be able readily to adapt him- 
self to the customs and forms of any society in 
which he may be thrown. With this combina- 
tion and tolerably favourable opportunities for 
observation, his manners will be highly polished 
and agreeable. With large Form, Size and 
Ideality, can readily copy or imitate a super- 
scription, or other writing, and with proper dis- 
cipline will excel in drawing. With large Con- 
structiveness, Form and Size, will be highly 
capable of excelling in a mechanical profession. 
With large Secretiveness, can relate stories with 



IMITATION. 71 

great force. With large Secretiveness, Indi- 
viduality, Eventuality, Language and Compari- 
son, he will excel in description, and be capable 
of giving force and life to his ideas that will 
fasten them upon the recollection of his auditors. 
With Secretiveness and Firmness large, can re- 
strain the expression of pain in the most heroic 
manner, and assume the appearance of perfect 
health. If Secretiveness is small, he will be 
unable to imitate a character, or mimic, yet will 
nevertheless be able to draw, &c. 

Moderate. — With but a moderate develope- 
ment of this organ, one will find great difficulty 
in description, imitating, or in any performance 
that requires the exercise of this faculty. With 
large Secretiveness, he will be enabled to relate 
stories, but he can never be able to represent 
any continued action, or carry out a successful 
description. 

Small." — With Imitation small, an individual 
will be almost wholly destitute of the attributes 
ascribed to this organ. He will be unable to 



12 IMITATION. 

represent very accurately the simplest actions. 
Can never excel in penmanship or drawing, and 
will always be distinguished as an original. If 
Self-esteem is large, he will dispel ceremony; if 
Secretiveness is small, he will be perfectly 
unique in his actions, and be distinguished for 
his independence and eccentricity. 



4. MIRTHFULNESS. 

This organ gives the desire and the ability to 
enjoy mirth. Its possessors are apt to consider 
things in their most humorous light, to the ne- 
glect of their more sober characteristics. It is 
that principle of the mind, which enables one to 
detect what is absurd and ridiculous, and to 
delight in jokes, fun and laughter. 

Predominant. — With Mirthfulness predomi- 
nant, one has an irresistible tendency to view 
every thing in a comical aspect. His most 
serious meditations are liable to be interrupted 



MIRTHFULNESS. 73 

by mirthful intrusions; and he will indulge 
his humorous propensities, regardless of conse- 
quences. 

Large.— With Mirthfulness large, will have 
a lively perception of the ludicrous, and will be 
apt to catch up every little incident, and make 
it the subject of humorous remarks. 'With 
Destructiveness and Comparison large, he will 
be sarcastic, and severe in his jokes, and will 
laugh heartily at the discomfiture of others. If 
Secretiveness and Imitation are small, he will 
not be able to relate a joke with propriety, yet 
will enjoy one; but if Secretiveness, Ideality 
and Imitation are large, he will tell a story in 
the most refined and delightful manner; with 
Comparison and Love of Approbation large, and 
Causality and Secretiveness moderate, he will 
laugh excessively at his own jokes. 

Moderate. — With Mirthfulness moderate, 
one is fond of fun, but unable to make it. With 
Combativeness, Destructiveness and Compari- 



74 MIRTHFULNESS. 

son large, will be severe and pungent in his at- 
tempts at wit, and will thus often give offence. 

Small. — With Mirthfulness but small, one 
will be nearly destitute of the ability to enjoy a 
joke, and quite unable to make one. He will 
look upon wit as impertinent and silly, and be 
offended at jocose remarks. If Love of Appro- 
bation is large, he will be very much annoyed 
at jokes; with Combativeness moderate or large, 
will get highly offended at any attempts to do 
so. 



OBSERVING FACULTIES. 



1. INDIVIDUALITY. 

The function of this organ is to recognise 
existences, or the identity of substances without 
reference to their peculiarities; it has been 
termed the memory of things. Its recollective 
powers are limited to simple details, or facts 
having no reference to their form, colour, &c. 

Predominant. — One in whom Individuality is 
predominant, will be distinguished for his pow- 
ers of observation. No object will escape his 
scrutiny, and no opportunities will satiate his 
curiosity. If his reflective powers are weak, he 
will require a great mass of facts, but they will 
lie in his mind confused and unoccupied: he 
will be unable to employ them in illustration or 



76 INDIVIDUALITY. 

argument. If in the habit of writing, his com- 
positions will abound with personifications. If 
Causality is large, and Concentrativeness is 
small, his reflective powers will be weakened 
by the tendency imparted by individuality to 
dwell upon substances instead of causes. 

Large. — With Individuality large, one is 
induced to observe and examine every ob- 
ject that comes under the limits of his vision. 
His scrutiny does not appear to include the 
peculiarities of substances, but rests satisfied 
with their mere corporeal existence. He is dis- 
tinguished as a close observer of men and things. 
In description he is exceedingly minute; and 
with Concentrativeness large, prolix and tedious 
to the last degree. With Eventuality and Time 
large, he will not only notice quickly, but will 
remember with exactness; and with Language 
large, can describe accurately events, manners, 
customs, &c. With these organs large, he will 
have a great desire for reading, and for collect- 
ing facts. With the Reflective Powers and 
Language large, will be much given to reflec- 



INDIVIDUALITY. 77 

tion, and in expressing his thoughts will be 
clear and perspicuous. 

Moderate. — With Individuality moderate, 
and the Reflective Powers and Concentrative- 
ness large, will be subject to abstraction of mind, 
and will be much more given to reflection than 
to observation, still, when any thing peculiar is 
offered to his attention, he can readily examine 
its character. He will generally notice exist- 
ences more in relation to their uses and adapta- 
tions, than as mere identities. 

Small. — A person whose Individuality is 
small, is generally heedless and unobserving. 
With Locality moderate or small, he may travel 
extensively; and yet remain as ignorant as if he 
had staid at home. Nothing but the more ob- 
vious characteristics has power to excite his 
attention. If Constructiveness and Ideality are 
full, he will notice works of architecture, but 
his descriptions of such will lack unity in conse- 
quence of his incapacity to notice details. If 
Causality and Comparison are large, he will be 



78 INDIVIDUALITY. 

addicted to reflection, but his expressions will 
be vague and apparently inconsistent, consequent 
on his inability to collect minute details. 



2. FORM. 

This organ gives the ability to discriminate 
forms. It aids the artist, and a prominent 
developement is indispensable to the skilful me- 
chanic. 

Predominant. — With Form predominant, one 
never forgets the appearance of any thing that 
has once came distinctly under his cognition. 
He will readily discriminate the forms of objects 
at a distance, and perceive differences and re- 
semblances where manv others will not: can 
recollect the name of a person by remembering 
its appearance when written; will easily detect 
typographical errors; and with Size and Indi- 
viduality large, can read with great facility and 
correctness. 



FORM. 79 

Large. — With Form large, one much more 
readily recollects the appearance of a person 
than his name, this is more particularly the case 
with Individuality large. With Individuality 
small, he will not be apt to pay attention to 
ordinary matters, but if his attention is called 
to them, he recollects their appearance with 
distinctness. With Imitation large, he will be 
able to draw and copy with great facility, and 
will excel in penmanship. 

Moderate. — With Form moderate, and the 
Reflecting organs large, one will never notice 
the shapes of substances, until something par- 
ticular enforces his attention. He will then 
require considerable examination to enable him 
to recognise them afterwards. His recollection 
of persons and things will usually be confused 
and indistinct. With Individuality large, ob- 
serves much, and with tolerable distinctness; 
but with Individuality small, is heedless and 
inattentive. 

Small. — With Fo;rm small, a person will be 



80 FORM. 

unable to recollect the countenances of persons 
even with whom he is intimate. He will be apt to 
miscall words in reading. He will find it diffi- 
cult to decipher obscure handwriting. It will 
also be difficult, if not impossible, for him to 
make much progress in the natural sciences. 



3. SIZE. 

This organ gives the idea of space, and the 
power of judging the relative dimensions of 
objects, it also gives the ability to judge of dis- 
tances or of lineal space. 

Predominant. — With Size predominant, one's 
perceptions of the dimensions of objects will be 
singularly accurate, he will be enabled to tell at 
a mere glance the dimensions of a room, the 
length and relative distances of objects, the 
centre of a circle, and to perform any other 
action requiring the exercise of this organ. 



SIZE. 81 

Large. — With Size large, one will possess all 
the attributes ascribed to Size predominant, but 
in a minor degree. 

Moderate. — With Size but moderate, and 
without having been accustomed to the exercise 
of the organ, one will greatly err in judging of 
the dimensions of objects and size generally. 

Small. — With Size small, one will be signally 
deficient in all the qualities ascribed to this 
organ. 



4. WEIGHT. 

The office of this organ is to impart to its 
possessor the idea of the power of gravity, or of 
mechanical force and resistance. It gives great 
ability to judge of momentum, and is large in the 
heads of all those who excel in fencing, boxing, 
archery, skating, quoit playing, &c. 



82 WEIGHT. 

Predominant. — With Weight predominant, 
one will be remarkable for his power in the use 
of this faculty. In performing gymnastic feats, 
in balancing, riding a fractious horse, and in 
every other exercise that requires a display of 
agility he will be pre-eminently conspicuous. 

Large. — With Weight and Self-esteem large, 
one can easily adapt himself to the laws of 
gravity, will never fall in precarious situations, 
can go aloft at sea in the most intrepid manner, 
and readily perform any operation requiring the 
exercise of this endowment. 

Moderate. — With Weight but moderate, one 
will be rather deficient in the qualities ascribed 
to the functions of this organ, but with practice, 
may attain considerable skill and success in the 
arts to which it conduces. 

Small. — With Weight but small, one will 
easily lose his balance, even in situations where 
no danger is to be apprehended. He will be 
enabled to excel as a marksman or wrestler; 



WEIGHT. 83 

will be enabled to learn to skate, or to pitch 
quoits. With large Form, Constructiveness 
and Imitation, will have a mechanical turn, but 
will be unable to excel as a machinist in conse- 
quence of his inability to perform the functions 
ascribed to this organ. 



5. COLOUR. 

This organ gives the perception of Colour, 
and renders one sensible to their different 
shades, their harmony and discord. 

Predominant. — With this organ predominant, 
one will notice the colour of an object before any 
other peculiarity appertaining to it; will take 
delight in colours, in their arrangement, order 
and beauty. 

Large. — With Colour, Ideality and Compa- 
rison large, one will be distinguished for his 
love of colours, and his ability to discriminate 



84 COLOUR. 

and arrange them. With large Form, Ideality, 
Individuality, Constructiveness and Imitation, 
Size and Order, will excel as a portrait painter, 
and take great delight in that occupation; and 
with Eventuality, Locality and Comparison, as 
an historical painter. 

Moderate. — With Colour but moderate, and 
in an occupation that does not exercise the func- 
tion of this organ, one will be decidedly deficient 
in his ability to discriminate colours, but if his 
pursuits are the reverse of what is here presumed, 
he will be a tolerable judge of colours, and pos- 
sess considerable taste in his arrangement and 
selection of them. 

Small. — With this organ but small, an indi- 
vidual will be unable to discriminate any but the 
most striking colours. With Ideality large, 
may be fond of paintings, but will be unable to 
point out their peculiar beauties. He can never 
tell the colour of the eyes or hair of even his 
familiar acquaintances. 



ORDER. 85 



6. ORDER. 

This organ imparts that quality of mind, 
which prompts an individual to preserve order 
and arrangement in his several pursuits and oc- 
cupations. The peculiar action of the organ is 
much dependent upon the character of the other 
developements. 

Predominant. — With this organ predominant, 
one will be distinguished for his love of order 
and arrangement. His maxim will be "a place 
for every thing, and every thing in its place." 
This quality of mind will be a prominent trait 
in his character, and will influence to a great 
degree his conduct and actions. 

Large. — With this organ large, one will be 
much annoyed by disorder; his room, clothes, 
books, papers, and every thing under his control, 
will always be kept in the utmost neatness and 
regularity. With Adhesiveness large, will be 
i 



86 * ORDER. 

fond of social enjoyments, but his pleasures will 
be much interrupted on discovering a want of 
neatness and order in the persons of his friends 
and acquaintances. Witlr Ideality and Indi- 
viduality large, will be exceedingly neat and 
fastidious. With Combativeness and Destruc- 
tiveness large, will easily get offended and angry 
at seeing things out of place. With Locality 
large, he will be enabled to perform actions 
in places in the dark, with which he is acquaint- 
ed almost as well as in the light With Ideality 
but moderate or small, he will be slovenly in his 
dress and appearance, yet preserve order, ar- 
rangement and neatness with his books, papers, 
&c. 

Moderate. — With Order but moderate, one 
will be rather deficient in the qualities ascribed 
to this organ. He will be fond of order, and 
acknowledge its utility, but will be unable to 
observe it. With Ideality large, and having 
been educated in habits of order and neatness, 
the action of this organ will be much improved. 
He will possess most of the qualities ascribed to 



ORDER. S7 

Order large, but will never sacrifice much to 
this quality of mind; but with Ideality small, 
and with an imperfect education, he will be 
slovenly, loose and irregular in all his actions 
and movements. 

Small. — With this organ small, one will be 
exceedingly disorderly and incoherent in all his 
arrangements, and business details. His actions 
will not be guided by system, his books, papers, 
&c. will be left where he happens to use them. 
He will be unable to appreciate the utility of 
order, and complain of those who practice it as 
being over nice. 



7. CALCULATION. 

This organ enables us to form the idea of 
number, or the plurality of objects. It assists 
in the recollection of dates and quantities. It 
enables one to readily understand numbers and 
their combinations. Its activity takes place, 



88 CALCULATION. 

whenever there is a departure from unity. A 
large endowment of this organ is not essential 
to the algebraist and geometrician, its functions 
being limited to arithmetical calculations. 

Predominant. — One having Calculation pre- 
dominant, will reckon in his head almost any 
arithmetical problem that can be proposed to 
him. If Causality and Comparison are large, 
he will excel in the higher branches of mathe- 
matics, and possess a great fondness for these 
studies. 

Large. — With calculation large, one will be 
distinguished among his acquaintainces for his 
skill in arithmetical calculations. He will be 
enabled to tell at a glance, operations which to 
an ordinary accountant require the use of figures. 
If Causality and Comparison are large, he will 
excel in solving difficult problems in the higher 
mathematics, but if these organs are deficient, 
his talent will be limited to arithmetical calcu- 
lations. 



CALCULATION. 89 

Moderate. — With Calculation moderate, and 
in a situation which constantly demands the act 
of ready calculation, one may become highly 
talented in this respect. He will, however, 
require time and effort to go through an intri- 
cate operation. If Causality and Comparison 
are large, in ordinary circumstances he will 
accustom himself to the use of a slate and pencil 
for all operations of a complicated character. 

Small. — With Calculation small, .one can 
succeed in arithmetical calculations only by dint 
of great labour, and then only to a limited extent. 
If Causality and Comparison are large, he may 
be capable of the higher branches of mathema- 
tics, but the difficulty, which his arithmetical 
calculations cost him, will render him averse to 
all mathematical speculations. 



90 LOCALITY. 



8. LOCALITY. 



This organ gives the power of noticing and 
recollecting the peculiar position of objects, and 
gives a desire for travelling, and for the study 
of geography. It is essential to the scene 
painter. It strongly aids the power of associa- 
tion. 

Predominant. — With Locality predominant, 
one will have an insatiable desire for travelling, 
roving about, and for visiting strange places, 
will readily recollect their peculiar position, the 
localities of the prominent objects of attention, 
and v/ill be excessively fond of reading geography 
and works of travels. 

Large. — With Locality large, one will have 
a great desire for travelling; and with Acquisi- 
tiveness and Inhabitiveness moderate or small, 
will be prompted to roam about regardless of 
expense, or of family considerations. In visiting 



LOCALITY. 91 

strange places, he readily notices their peculiar 
localities, and will ever after recollect them. 
He will be excessively fond of studying geogra- 
phy, and works of travels; ami will be ena- 
bled to point out the particular position of a 
sentence in a book or newspaper containing an 
idea to which he wishes to direct attention. He 
will never stumble in the dark, and will find his 
way with little instruction through unfrequented 
places. 

Moderate. — With Locality but moderate, 
one will have but little desire for travelling, and 
will be nearly regardless of the localities of the 
places which he visits. He will often lose his 
way in forests and cities, with which he is not 
familiar, and will seldom find a place if ob- 
scurely situated without great trouble. With 
Individuality and Ideality large, will have a 
fine taste for natural scenery, but his descrip- 
tions will be vague and unsatisfactory in conse- 
quence of his inability to point out the particular 
localities of the different objects. 



92 LOCALITY. 

Small. — With Locality small, one will be 
extremely unobservant of, and inattentive to the 
localities of objects. He will often lose his way 
even in places with which he is familiar, and 
will be nearly wanting in the attributes ascribed 
to this organ. 



9. EVENTUALITY. 

This organ takes cognizance of actions as 
they exist; and thus observes the phenomena 
that is constantly taking place throughout na- 
ture. It is a principal element in the desire for 
knowledge, and greatly aids in giving an ability 
for practical business involving details. 

Predominant. — With Eventuality predomi- 
nant, one will notice and remember every trans- 
action and occurrence that comes within his 
observation, in all their varied details. He will 
have an insatiable thirst for knowledge, and sel- 



EVENTUALITY. 93 

dom allow any incident to escape his recollec- 
tion. He will attend much more to facts than 
to principles, and will be given more to narra- 
tion than to reasoning, often weakening his 
arguments by narrating unimportant particulars, 
which have little connexion with the point con- 
tested. 

Large. — Those in whom this organ is large, 
possess a clear and distinct recollection of events 
and transactions, and are much given to reading 
and observation. They are particularly fond 
of historical and other works, abounding in facts 
and incidents. With Language large, will be 
fond of relating with extreme minuteness, occur- 
rences and facts with which he is familiar. If 
Concentrativeness is large his narrations will be 
given in a clear and connected stjle; but if Con- 
centrativeness is small, they will want method 
and connexion. With large Individuality, Lan- 
guage and Comparison, he will possess a great 
thirst for knowledge, and will readily collect, 
analyze and classify ideas. If, with this com- 
bination, Causality being moderate or small, he 



94 EVENTUALITY. 

will have a large fund of knowledge, but be 
unable to profit by it. 

Moderate. — With Eventuality moderate, one 
will be able usually to observe actions, but wil 
be inattentive to any but those of the most strik- 
ing character. If Causality and Comparison are 
large, will possess a ready power of reasoning 
and classification, but will be wanting in facts 
and details to sustain his own opinions. He 
will be more given to reason than narration, and 
will collect facts more for the purpose of illus- 
trating his arguments, than the pleasure of ac- 
quiring them. 

Small. — With Eventuality small, one will be 
decidedly deficient in his recollection of facts 
and incidents, and will be dull and incurious. He 
will be enabled to follow any occupation requir- 
ing a close attention to details. In narrating, 
he will be unable to recollect any but the most 
striking points. 



TIME. 95 



10. TIME. 

This organ gives the ability to observe and 
recollect the lapses of time. It also confers the 
power of keeping time in music and dancing. 

Predominant. — With Time predominant, one 
will possess an astonishing facility in recollect- 
ing dates, the ages of individuals, time at which 
occurrences have taken place, and the lapses of 
time generally. 

Large. — With Time large, one will readily 
recollect the date of transactions that have come 
under his attention, will be fond of history, and 
will especially recollect the precise time of each 
event* He will be enabled to perform an action 
at the given word of command. If in the habit 
of dancing, will excel, and take great delight in 
that amusement He will be able to judge the 



96 TIME. 

hour of the day, without the aid of a time piece, 
with accuracy. 

Moderate. — With Time moderate, one will 
recollect none but the most important dates. If 
Eventuality is large, will be fond of history, 
but will generally forget the time of transactions, 
and thus want clearness in his historical know- 
ledge. He will often forget the day of the week 
and even his own age. 

Small. — With this organ small, one will be 
nearly deficient in the attributes ascribed to its 
functions. 



11. TUNE. 

This organ gives the taste for music, and 
makes its possessor take a high degree of pleasure 
in listening to musical performances. 

Predominant. — With this organ predominant, 



TUNE. 97 

one will have an exquisite taste for music, 
will make any sacrifices to enjoy the pleasure 
it imparts, and will readily catch and learn 
tunes almost by intuition. 

Large. — With this organ large, one will have 
a superior taste for music, and will easily learn 
tunes, and if his voice be good, will easily learn 
to sing. If Ideality is large, his performances 
will be rich and pathetic. 

Moderate. — With this organ moderate, one 
will possess a considerable taste for music, and 
with a good voice and large Imitation, may learn 
to sing from hearing others, but can never excel. 

Small. — With this organ small, one may be 
fond of music of particular kinds to which he 
has been accustomed, but this will not enable 
him to learn or practice music. 



98 LANGUAGE. 



12. LANGUAGE. 

The function of this organ is to enable its 
possessor to express his ideas in appropriate lan- 
guage, and thus to communicate thoughts and 
sentiments. The talent of verbal memory de- 
pends on this organ. 

Predominant. — Those in whom this organ 
predominates abound with words. They talk 
merely for the sake of talking, and their style 
in writing and speaking is characterized by great 
verbosity. In ordinary conversation they will use 
a great maltitude of words to express a common 
idea, and will be distinguished among their ac- 
quaintance as intolerable talkers. They will 
be able to commit words to memory with readi- 
ness, and will recollect forms of expression, 
where otherwise the idea would escape them. 

Large. — With Language large, one will pos- 



LANGUAGE. 99 

sess the qualities to a great extent that are 
ascribed to Language predominant. With large 
Individuality, Form, Locality and Eventuality, 
will be enabled to relate with great accuracy 
the conversation of a speaker, his looks, tones 
and actions, and will readily recall the precise 
words used. He will possess great ability to 
acquire knowledge, and will be distinguished 
for copiousness, ease and volubility of expres- 
sion. If Causality and Comparison are mode- 
rate or small, his ideas will be of a crude, 
imperfect character, yet he will converse inces- 
santly nevertheless. With Comparison large, 
his knowledge of language will be superior, but 
if Comparison is small his words will often be 
incorrect and applied in a wrong sense. 

Moderate. — With Language but moderate on 
ordinary occasions, one will be wanting in 
powers of expression, and to express his ideas 
with fluency and effect, he will require much 
excitement. If Causality and Comparison are 
large, with a large and active brain, he will 
have many important ideas, but they will lose 



100 LANGUAGE. 

much of their cogency for want of more appro- 
priate expressions. With Secretiveness large, 
he will be rather taciturn and indisposed for 
conversation. 

Small. — With Language small, one will be 
unable to express any but the most common 
ideas without hesitation and embarrassment. 
He will find it difficult and almost impossible to 
commit to memory, and his style of speaking 
and writing will be dry and common placej talk- 
ing will be to him a burthen. 



REFLECTIVE FACULTIES. 



1. CAUSALITY. 

This organ observes the relation of cause and 
effect, and discriminates between actions and 
the causes which produce them. It enables an 
individual to adopt the requisite means to effect 
any end. It is the active element in every effort 
of reflection, and is the grand source of thought 
and originality of mind. 

Predominant. — With Causality predominant, 
an individual will be distinguished for his prone - 
ness to thought, and utility to speculate and dis- 
cuss abstractions. Whatever subject is suggested, 
or point discussed, he will be liable to enquire 
for reasons and causes. He will be given much 
more to reflection than observation. 



102 CAUSALITY. 

Large. — With Causality large, one will be 
enabled readily to perceive the relation between 
an effect and the cause which produced it. He 
will be distinguished for gravity and thoughtful- 
ness of mind; and will possess much sagacity, 
penetration, and originality. With Conscien- 
tiousness, Veneration and Marvellousness large, 
and the selfish propensities moderate or small, 
he will be much given to moral investigations, 
and to reading and conversing upon subjects 
connected with general utility and public morals. 
With Combativeness large, he will be inclined 
to argument and disputation. With the Percep- 
tive organs but moderate, he will pay more at- 
tention to principles than facts, and will be 
guided more by reason and experience. 

Moderate. — With Causality moderate, and 
with proper culture, one may possess good judg- 
ment and a reasoning turn of mind, but he will 
be destitute of originality and force of thought. 
In an occupation or course of life to which he 
has been accustomed, he will conduct with pru- 
dence and propriety, but will be deficient in the 



COMPARISON. 103 

necessary power to devise means for extraordi- 
nary operations, lay new plans, and to carry into 
effect important operations. With large Indi- 
viduality, Imitation and Love of Approbation, 
and small Self-esteem, he will be destitute of 
any marked characteristics of his own, and will 
readily adapt himself to the views and opinions 
of his companions. 

Small. — With Causality small, one will be 
utterly deficient in originality and force of mind, 
and will be wanting in that quality of character 
which renders men calm, judicious, penetrating 
and discerning. With the propensities and sen- 
timents properly balanced, he will possess dis- 
cretion, and be enabled to conduct operations to 
which he has been accustomed. 



2. COMPARISON. 

The office of this organ is to enable us to com- 
pare differences, to note resemblances, and to 



104 COMPARISON. 

perceive analogies. By it we are enabled to 
adapt one thing to another so as to produce a 
harmonious whole. It prompts to the use of 
figurative language in writing and conversation. 
Those in whom it is large, trace similitudes 
and affinities between objects and events which 
entirely escape the observation of others in 
whom the organ is small. It prompts to reason- 
ing, but not in the line of necessary consequence. 
It explains one thing by comparing it with an- 
other. It gives ingenuity in discovering unex- 
pected glimpses and superficial coincidences. 

i 
Predominant. —With Comparison predomi- 
nant, one will be enabled to analyze subjects, 
and to detect inconsistencies with the greatest 
facility and readiness, and will almost intuitively 
perceive the misapplication of facts and princi- 
ples. His expressions will be characterized by 
great precision and clearness, and his arguments 
will be explained with a great variety of happy 
illustrations. 

Large. — With Comparison large, one will be 



COMPARISON. 105 

strongly given to criticising and analyzing, and 
will readily detect fallacies and improprieties 
that would escape the observation of those in 
whom this organ is small. If Ideality and Indi- 
viduality are large, his language will abound 
with elevated metaphors and figures of speech, 
but if Causality is small, his judgment will be 
defective. If Secretiveness is small, and Com- 
bativeness and Self-esteem large, he will be 
strongly inclined to criticise every observation, 
he hears, and will thus excite enmity and ill- 
will. With large Eventuality and Individuali- 
ty, will have a great taste for the study of natu- 
ral science, and will be extremely fond of 
classifying their phenomena, and of comparing 
the various qualities of physical objects with 
each. He will likewise be fond of the study of 
history, and will habitually compare and classify 
the various transactions with those of similar 
characteristics. If the Perceptive organs gene- 
rally are large and Causality small, he will be 
possessed of good practical talents, but will be 
devoid of originality of mind. He will be calcu- 
lated to succeed in a course of life in which he 



106 COMPARISON. 

has the example of able men, but he will be 
utterly unable to deviate from the beaten road 
and assume the lead for himself. 

Moderate. — With Comparison but moderate, 
one's powers of analyzation and criticism will 
not be conspicuous. With an active brain and 
a favourable intellect generally, he will be en- 
abled to perceive the force of figurative language, 
and will often indulge in it, but his metaphors 
will lack force and appropriateness. With In- 
dividuality and Eventuality large, will possess 
a great store of facts, but will be unable to 
arrange and classify them. If Causality is large, 
he will readily perceive the errors in an argu- 
ment, but he will lack the power to point out 
and apply the exact replication. 

Small. — One having Comparison small, will 
be excessively dull, and will lack discernment 
and discrimination. The most obvious resem- 
blances can hardly be made manifest to him. 



TEMPERAMENTS. 



The term Temperament, says a late writer, 
is applied to those differences of external appear- 
ance which are supposed to indicate the com- 
parative state of the fibres of the body as they 
are more or less dense, or as possessing one of 
the functions of life in greater activity, or one 
of the constituents of the animal body in greater 
quantity than another; or in short, certain states 
or conditions of the body, which are found to 
exercise more or less influence in exciting or 
repressing the action of the organs. 

The Temperaments as they are usually enu- 
merated, are four in number, to wit: the Lym- 
phatic; the Sanguine; the Bilious, and the 
Nervous. 

In persons of a Lymphatic Temperament, the 
brain is sluggish and performs its functions in a 



108 TEMPERAMENTS. 

feeble but steady manner. The individual is 
averse to severe exertion, and requires much 
stimuli to move him. As a general rule, he 
will be averse to either mental or bodily activity. 

Those of a Sanguine Temperament are easily 
excited, and easily depressed, fond of pleasure, 
and averse to severe exertions. They live for 
the present, rather than the future. The actions 
of the mind are quick, rather than powerful. 

Persons of a Bilious Temperament are deter- 
mined, persevering and ambitious in their cha- 
racter and disposition. Their every movement 
and aspect indicates decision of purpose. Their 
mental operations are vigorous and powerful. 

Persons of a Nervous Temperament, are very 
sensitive, and are easily excited. Their mental 
operations are rapid, but they are soon exhausted. 



THE END. 



HsU 



m 



■Br 



us 



.LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



027 324 904 7 






m 







■ ■ 



■HHH 



GHji 



HI 



BtiBTCM 

33£ 



sval 



